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Past Main Features
Sex and Power

Queen Elizabeth

Queen Elizabeth II never married and had absolute power. She reflected an example of what women can and cannot achieve in power.  She used her sex to take advantage of men by seducing in order to get what she wanted for power.

King HatshepsuHatshepsut who was a first female pharaoh in Egypt, adopted male appearance including a false beard and denied feminine. Before she reigned her country for
about 20 years, she had dropped the female letter
ending from her name, “t” and then became King under her male name, “Hatshepu”.  

Horizontal Line

Women tend to use sex as a source for power and sometimes hold back on sex in the relationships. Sometimes some women wanted children for wrong reasons not because not all women make good mother but they tend to believe having children gives more power over men.  Women feel that they have rights to be individuals to make their decisions about whether to wear clothes, in spite of sexism like mini skirts, and invisible blouse with visible bras plus whether to use make up.

Depending on power division between men and women it focuses on equality by sharing power involving family responsibilities, and decision-making at all levels. There should be an equality of opportunity but sadly in corporate world women tend to be counted like “beans” in similar to quotas. In reality the corporate world does miss some points in reference to what women want for the balance of power.

Unfortunately today, more men have controlled power over women than women over men. Some factors are sexism, sex discrimination, and sexual stratification as called undeniable realities.

Men view that women have always been subordinate. By employment discrimination the system in working world women roles are believed to be servants of men.

An issue of sexual difference focuses on men and women in relating to power in today’s life as follows:

Men – “health and normality”

Productive activity, political power and cultural authority, domain of father and son.

Woman in garden

Women – “nervousness and abnormality”

Privatized, domestic world of reproductive activity, political marginality and discontinuous cultural authority, domain of mother and daughter.

For example women work in offices as part of the male dominated world.

World Social Forum aims several goals about issues relating to empowerment, gender mainstreaming and human rights as follows:

Swirl leaf End gender violence
Ensure sexual choiceSwirl Leaf
Swirl LeafPromote reproductive rights and women’s health

Are women and men equal? Yes, women and men are “different but equal”.

This refers to sexual rights, health and violence against women with different cultures and struggles. There is a difference between global feminism and local feminism. The examples are as follows: Myth Creature

USA:
Abortion rights, protest the use of rape as weapon of war; and against beauty pageants

Asia and Australia:
Welfare state rights

India & South Asia:
Rights to access to abortion choice

Latin America:
Sexual choice, abortion rights and contraception rights

South Africa:
Gender violence, trafficking of women including sex work

Iran:
Stoning and flogging to death for adultery 

Global Women’s Right Movement and Power Politics stated that there are two groups to enhance women’s self esteem and strength:

Spring flowers
Women’s political movements consist of feminism, women’s clubs, lesbian subcultures, schools and prisons.
Women’s institutions are colleges, convents, and associations

The reason to participate the above groups is that there are performances, difficulties and successes of women entering in the male dominated world like wage earners. Involved are work, power and identity including family roles as well.

A Perfect Trap for Women's Role in Taking Power


By tradition, women have held little power in their places of employment, homes, and organizations. It tends to be relatively easy for some women who fall into dangerous trap by taking Myth Creature advantage of any woman's organization as replacement for power.

For example, a woman who is frustrated with less power sharing with someone for any reason, seeks any alternative to reclaim her use of power by controlling members or demanding to meet whatever she expects. Sometimes her high expectations may be unreasonable and inappropriate. Some women may not be aware of their unintentional doing to exploit the women's organizations.

As independent women in any organization we take precaution and some time to understand the difference between sharing power and taking power.

Divider

Biopolitics are called as another kind of politics about govern and administrative life in political world.  This is another kind of politics specifically for gender and power in the government systems.

Some anthropologists believed that early societies were matriarchal (female leader in the tribe). For example, Iroquois, North American Indian tribe was dominated by Indian women. Women acted more responsible of power than men.

At this present in the USA, women compose of 16% in Congress in spite of the female majority (51% American women). Compared to the world in statistics about women in power, few women in political office are involved in the world.

The World Global Forum established its gender empowerment measure based on three concepts; participation in political decision-making, access to professional opportunities; and earning power.

USA is 66th out of 115 countries in gender gap. Because of its middle ranking status, some figures reflect that there are 15% in elected official positions; 14% in minister level and no female leadership in the executive office. Sweden is one of top 10 countries as number one in the ranking and had over 80% to close its gender gap. (Source: The Global Gender Gap Report 2006)

Women State Legislators Chart

In most states, women tend to be 10 years or older than men. (about ¾ of all women over 50s).  As you can see a chart as displayed above about men and women legislators in the states, it shows not much increase from 1991 to 2006 , an average of 22% women legislators in the USA when women became elected.

The states with highest percentage of above 31% are Maryland, Delaware, Arizona, Nevada, Vermont and Washington.

Horizontal Line

The states with lowest percentage of least 16% are South Carolina, Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Pennsylvania, Oklahoma, Wyoming, West Virginia, South Dakota and North Dakota.

Source: Center for American Women and Politics (CAWP)

In the US Congress, female legislators are in 60s and not willing or able to wage as competitive against men in 40s.  Unfortunately the statistics show the percentage of female office holders flat-lined in recent years.

International Parliamentary Union's Women in National Parliaments made a comment about positive trends in the world as follows:

Women's political participation had increased over 16%, compared to 10% in 1975.
 
More countries decided to invite women by 25 to 30% women in their politics.
 
20 more countries had reached above 30% to have women in their governments.

The goal to bring equality between women and men in decision-making is a challenge to ensure women's effective participation in all areas of decision making. How?

A simple answer but not easy is by introducing special measures such as quotas to increase the representation of women and to set up a special election to make women eligible to run as officers.

Right now we need to raise public awareness and encourage women's associations or clubs to work together to actively promote participation of women.

 

Actions are needed:

Adopt policies to extend labor protection and social security laws to full Yellow Butterflytime, part time, seasonal and home based workers.

Enact laws to promote career development based on the flexible work conditions.

Yellow ButterflyEnsure full time and part time jobs by women and men on equal basis.

Protection for access to employment, working conditions and social security.

Enact and enforce laws for parental leave and benefits.

Promote sharing of the responsibilities for family including appropriateYellow Butterfly legislation, and incentives.

Share responsibilities for work in the home, children and elderly care.

Improve development and access to technology for domestic work.

Yellow ButterflyEncourage self support.

Transform gender-prescribed roles within productive process.

Enable women to move out of low paying jobs.

Take temporary leave for enjoyment, transferable employment and Yellow Butterfly retirement benefits.

Raise awareness in gender equality and non stereotyped gender roles of women and men within family.

Support services and facilities including onsite child care at work places, flexible working arrangements.

 

 

 
 
 
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